Gifata: A Time to Share and Celebrate Ethiopian Culture

Gifata is one of the most ancient traditional holidays in Ethiopia, with its roots dating back to the 16th century. It is celebrated annually on 12th and 13th July, marking the conclusion of the fasting and mourning period known as “Nawassa” and inaugurating a season of festivity and rejoicing.

Origins and Significance

The origins of Gifata are closely intertwined with the history of Ethiopia and its triumph against the invading forces of the Muslim Adal Sultanate. Emperor Zerayakob established the festival as a means of commemorating this victory and symbolising the return to abundance and the commencement of the new agricultural season. The name “Gifata” itself means “return” or “open,” thereby reflecting the significance of this concept.

Symbols and Rituals

The Gifata festival is a vibrant celebration characterised by a rich array of distinctive symbols and rituals. The most prominent symbol is the “Gifata honey,” a fermented honey mead that is consumed in great quantities during the festival. This honey symbolises the sweetness of life and the blessings that accompany the advent of a new season.

Another significant symbol is the green foliage, which represents the renewal of nature and the anticipation of a fruitful harvest.

The festival’s central ritual is the “Mafisat” ceremony. On the morning of the second day, people assemble in places of worship and exchange gifts of honey, bread, and other delicacies. This represents the sharing of blessings and the reinforcement of community ties.

Traditional Customs

The Gifata festival provides an opportunity for families and communities to congregate and participate in traditional festivities. A variety of special dishes are prepared, including “doro wat” (chicken stew), “injera” (flatbread), and “tella” (beer).

Music, dance and storytelling are fundamental aspects of the celebration. Children engage in a variety of activities, including games and traditional sports such as “genna” (hockey on horseback) and “amora” (wrestling).

Young women wear vibrant attire and engage in “gutasha,” a beauty pageant wherein they showcase their abilities in dance and vocal performance.

Contemporary Celebration

While the traditions of Gifata have remained largely unaltered, the manner of their celebration has undergone significant transformation over time. In urban areas, the festival assumes a more contemporary character, with parades, concerts, and fireworks displays.

Nevertheless, the fundamental tenets of sharing, community, and historical remembrance continue to serve as the cornerstones of the festival.

In conclusion, the Gifata festival represents a cherished tradition in Ethiopia, serving to exemplify the country’s profound cultural heritage. The vibrant rituals, traditional customs and shared experiences that characterise Gifata serve to foster a sense of unity and celebrate the abundance of the land and the bonds that unite the people of Ethiopia.

Ethiopia Autonomous Media